Below are the steps to turn on and configure guest access in Microsoft Teams.
Permissions:
Global Administrator (or)
Teams Administrator
Steps :
1 : Turn On Guest Access in Teams Org-wide level
2 : Configure Azure AD business to business settings
3 : Configure Office 365 Groups for Guest Users
4 : Configure sharing in Office 365 for Guest Users
5 : Configure Sharing Settings in Share Point for Guest Users
6 : Setup Guest User Permissions
Step 1 : Turn On Guest Access in Teams Org-wide level
Login to Microsoft Teams Admin center / Portal
https://admin.teams.microsoft.com/
In Teams Admin Center go to Org-Wide Setting > Guest Access

Enable “Allow guest Access in Teams” to On

And configure other settings for guest user based on your requirements
After enabling / allowing guest access in Teams edit the setting for guest your based on your requirements.
Like
Calling
Meeting
Messaging
Calling
If your requirement is to allow guest user to make private calls then enable this feature

Meetings
If you enable or allow this feature for guest user then
User can Allow IP Video
User can use Screen share mode
User can allow meet now
For Screen share you can use the below options

Messaging
Edit setting based on your requirements

Click Save.
You will see notification for saved settings like this changes make take 2 hours to 24 hours to take effect.

Step 2 : Configure Azure AD business to business settings
Azure AD settings that support guest user access in Teams to be configured so that you will be able to add and manage guests in Teams.
Sign in to Azure Admin Portal as tenant Administrator.
https://devicemanagement.microsoft.com/
Go to Azure Active Directory > Users > User Settings

Select “Manage External Collaboration Settings”
In the External Collaboration Settings page select policies that you want to enable per your requirement.

Click Save
Note:
External collaboration settings are also available from the Organizational relationships page. In Azure Active Directory, under Manage, go to Organizational relationships > Settings.

Step 3 : Configure Office 365 Groups for Guest Users
In Microsoft 365 Admin Center
Go to Setting
Under Service – Go to Office 365 Groups for Manage external sharing

Click Office 365 groups
Now here make sure the first & Second options “Let group members outside your organization access group content” is selected.
Else external / Guest users wont be able to access group content.
“Let group owners add people outside your organization” to groups is selected.
Else Team Owners wont be able to add guests

Step 4 : Configure sharing in Office 365 for Guest Users
In Microsoft 365 Admin Center
Go to Setting
Under Service – Go to Office 365 Groups for Manage external sharing

Go to Security & Privacy tab
Click Sharing

In sharing option
Make sure “Let users add new guests to the organization” is selected.
Save Settings.

Note: The settings is similar to the Members can invite settings in User Settings > External Users in Azure Active Directory
Step 5 : Configure Sharing Settings in Share Point for Guest Users
Portal.office365.com – https://admin.microsoft.com/
Under Admin Center Select SharePoint
Under SharePoint Admin Center > Sites

Select the Site and click Sharing

Make sure “Anyone or New and Existing guests” are selected.
Step 6 : Setup Guest User Permissions
Login to Microsoft Teams
Windows App or
Web App
Go to Teams
Select the Team name
Click Manage Teams
Go to Settings Tab

Go to Guest Permissions

Allow permissions based on your requirement.
Now your Guest can collaborate with teams members in channel
Note:
File permissions for guests reflect whatever you admin has set in your sharePoint settings.
These can only be changed by your admin.
Thanks,
Praveen Kumar
Microsoft Certified Trainer – Cloud Services